Hw assignment revised Essay

floriculture includes eachthing about a particular groups counselling of life history from high art to the most ordinary behavior (what we eat for breakfast, for example). It is be as the manner of life for a whole society and the essence of friendlyly transmitted behavioral patterns and crumb be classified into values, norms, institutions and artifacts. The good deal of distinctive features of a society or a societal group, which includes emotional, eldritch and intellectual, tail be called as culture.It encompasses the communitys ways of breathing to constituteher, its value systems, customs and ideals. Everything we do, from our food to our behavior can be considered as culture. From the essay, From Culture to Hegemony, culture is define as the norm of life. Barthes who used the archetype of linguist de Saussure, sought to uncoer the latent messages of the norms. He tried it from incase to little things. Transmission of culture is d sensation by dint of language, material objects, customs, institutions, and art, passed from unitary generation to a nonher generation.Usually, this transmission remains intact and pure however, when alien influences set in either through cultural diffusion and/or assimilation, naturally, the native culture will find be puzzle irreparably modified. In From a Native Daughter, Haunaini-Kay Trask, bemoans the rape of her native lands culture. How the haole invaded their land and proceeded to transpose their history. For her historians like the missionaries from whom she had her education, were a part of then colonizing horde, one part annex the spirit and the other the mind.She believed that any outsider were to understand them, one should rootage know their language, their songs, their chants, their customs, and their bond with the aina (the land). She said, This bond is cultural, it can besides be unsounded culturally IDEOLOGY Ideology includes the underlying ideas that shape culture. These ideas ar oft entimes what we take for granted, i. e. they ar unconscious. For example, the idea that success is gained through going to college and acquire a high paying job seems so obvious as to be truth. However, it is part of an ideology.A trick in identifying ideologies is to look for dim terms in a statement. What does success mean and where did that meaning come from? Ideology is the organized collection of underlying ideas that shape the culture. Being unconscious, they be often see for granted. They are abstract thoughts applied to reality and every society has an ideology on which they base their actions on. From Marxs Ideology as quoted in Subculture the meaning of Style by Dick Hebdidge, ideology is defined as a set of common beliefs that lie beneath the sentiency commonly known as common sense.This common sense, although transparently, validates ideas. These taken for granted phenomena can function as signs, which in turn, will hypothesise the reality of the culture and can b e analyzed through mapping them on a range of potential meanings. Power and class are parameters which extends and vary ideology thus making it achievable to have different levels of divided labor. Our education system is the one who is responsible in ingraining the ideology into the individualistics of the society.In other words, the ideologies are maps of probable meanings which serve to have persons think their way into positions of berth or subordination. HEGEMONY A form of power usually built on ideologies. Instead of bullying (i. e. using coercion) to get your way, its easier and more sustainable to make your victim believe that your way is the right way. For example, railway car makers dont have to force us to buy new cars at gunpoint its easier to make us think that getting a new car every duette of years is simply what one does.The underlying ideology might be that newness equals human progress. Hegemony is the subtle almost undetected authority of one individual over another and/or one group of people over another group. This dominance however doesnt use threats or force. Naturally, the superior party in our society has their advantages. For example, a ascendent party can dictate the terms of trade to its advantage. Moreover, our cultural perspectives became in favor of the dominant group. It controls the way ideas are discarded or neutralized.It happens in a scarcelyt against where hegemony alters our notions of common sense of a given society. According to the Gramsci, hegemony is the association of social groups exerting total social authority through coercion, imposition of thought or shaping consent. Familiar examples of this include the selling of cars where you coerce your buyers to buy because it is only right that you get yourself a car and thinking that it is simply what one does after a few years of using an old car. It may also because of the ideology thats behind it is that a new car means an improvement in your lifestyle.Hall is also quoted in Subculture the meaning of style, in the chapter, From Culture to Hegemony, Hall (1977) was cited saying, hegemony refers to the situation in which a doubtful alliance of a certain social group exerts total social authority over other subordinate groups not only through coercion or by the direct imposition of ruling ideas but by winning and shaping consent so that the power of the autocratic class appears to be legitimate and natural DEFAMILIARIZATIONLastly, defamiliarization, also called ostanenie is a system of forcing the audience to see common things in an unfamiliar way. It is done in order to improve the insight of the familiar. Religion is a tried and tried and true way of bringing order to a world of chaotic events. In the bind, World View and the Analysis of Sacred Symbols, from the Antioch Re count on by Clifford Geertz wherein he describes how religion is composed of sets of symbols that are in turn composed of meanings that can only be stored in t he symbols. He says that a peoples ethos is the way they dress or their movements and the way they talk.In general it is the property of their lives while the world view is the cognitive aspect reflects how the people view the natural order of things as they are found in their world. solely of these things are in some way or another affected by the religion of the people. Geertz considers the wajang as the clearest illustration of the relationship between the metaphysical (i. e. religion, belief etc) and the people of Javas actual values. The wajang is the ritual prat play using puppets that usually lasts all night and well into the ahead of time morning.The gamelan is the director musician and storyteller all in one. The most far-famed characters in the wajang are the Pendawas and the Korawas, and their endless wars. The Pendawas encounter the five senses that must forever work together to come up with just and good decisions. They fight calm detachment from the casual ev ents of life which is the way these myths are interpreted and translated into the actual culture that is in the peoples of Java. The Korawas on the other hand represent passion and indiscretion.They are the representative icons that depict the capacity of religion not only to set the standards of ideal living but also delineate the workings of evil and destruction. Just like the Navajo looks at everything that is good and amentaceous as in the form of a draw and thus evokes the circle in everything they do, so does the Javanese in their quest to detach themselves from the passions of everyday life to transcend into inner serenity and peace. Their world views affect their ethos and in turn dictate how they view their reality and consequently how they react to it.The concept of defamiliarization as defined above is also effectively illustrated in the article by George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant. In this article he tells the readers how he had to go through the elephant not becau se he had to do it to save the people, or because it is truly a danger, in spite of it having killed a coolie, he says that he killed the living creature to save himself from looking like a fool it is judge of him to not be afraid, to be consistent (and thus consistent in his initial impulse to kill the elephant).His nationality and the empire he represents have created such a concept that as a member of the empire he is expected to conform to. Thus his actions no matter how mundane and ordinary they are will not have correspondingly simple interpretations at to the lowest degree as far as the natives are concerned.