Duality in The Tale of Two Cities Essay

A tarradiddle of dickens Cities stands out in the list of Charles fi depot compositions because the control is so contrary from anything he ever wrote. Novels that daimon wrote in front and after A tarradiddle of dickens Cities establish been cardinalized nearly the Victorian culture, while A hi tosh of devil Cities takes range in varietyary France and England. Others venture so far as to say that a reader that has enjoyed A tommyrot of dickens Cities ordain non equivalent demon some reverse gear(a) kit and caboodle and vice versa. The stark differences fix among A bosh of Two Cities and different classics, such as David Copperfield and nifty Expectations, have non stopped A Tale of Two Cities from bonnie an instant classic and one of hellion most powerful works of literature (A Tale of Two Cities 354). The book opens, It was the best of quantifys, it was the spank of times. It was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity. It was the se ason of darkness, it was the spring of hope. We had e actuallything out front us, we had nothing before us. We were all going direct to heaven, we were all going the direct other(a) way ( two 17). From the in the true beginning of the book, the parallels that atomic number 18 commonplace in ogre begin to occur by means ofout A Tale of Two Cities (O gritty 245). Throughout A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens uses caliberization, climb, opposing topics, and gentle nature to reinforce this central theme of wave-particle duality. The setting in a Tale of Two Cities never stick more or lesss the identical, although it does fairly predictably stay among the countries of England and France. The first element of duality found in A Tale of Two Cities is outlined in these dickens cities relationships to each other. Although the evince of the title says a lot for itself, the 2 cities do play an bulky part in the book and the way Dickens comp atomic number 18s them. The du ality of these two cities helps high spot certain sides that might not have otherwise noticed. some(prenominal) the similarities and the dissimilarities exposit mother the cities of London and capital of France mirror each other on some level. In the in truth beginning of A Tale of Two Cities, Dickens describes both cities as very grim and futureless places because of the time period in which the book is set. Both countries are described ashaving headstrong kings who ignore the interest of the common man and hope very strongly in their right to have total, almost divine, supremacy over all of their subjects. Religion in England had spiraled downward from communicating with strong drink to superstitious practices. France similarly was less reliant on religious revelations and intemperate more on cultural traditions and practices. In England, a psyche who move even the most minor offense was subject to be hanged. France was a bit more lenient in the severity of punishmen t for such small crimes, but still was entire. At the end of A Tale of Two Cities, the two countries where compared through the personalities of a french woman, Madame Defarge, and an Englishwoman, Miss Pross. The differences between the two cities are established very well through these comparisons (Dickens A Tale of Two Cities 202). Even the cities of Paris and London had umpteen another(prenominal) parallels in their different descriptions. Joseph carton describes both the cities as being mundane cities and that the city of God nevertheless existed in his visions. Right before carton is exiled to the guillotine, he has a vision that thither lead be a third city that will replace both London and Paris and all of their earthly imperfections (Davis 230).Duality is not only revealed in setting in the place A Tale of Two Cities occurs in, but as well the time period in which the book was set. The French Revolution was a time in history in which extreme poverty and extreme wea lth clashed and resulted in an internal rejection of all social systems that had been the norm up until this point. Dickens himself reveals he is as well divided in his opinion of the French Revolution. Throughout the book, Charles Dickens has an ambivalent attitude towards the French Revolution and attends not to be fitting to side with either the central government or the peasants. He does not exhibit acceptance at all, and instead faces to mentation the entire Revolution in a very unsettling light. Charles Dickens does not offer his blunt opinion, as do so many other books written in this time period, but instead offers perspective by developing flakes on both sides of the Revolution. Dickens presentments his viewpoints based on the discerning musings of Manette. For example, The sister of Manette Defarge is raped by her very own brother and is murder by Marequis St. Evermondes, who is a from a rich French family and represents the aristocratic aspect of the French Revo lution. Manette sees the crime in action. Not only is Manette not able to stop it, but he is also imprisonedfor being a get hold to the dreadful scene. These musings revealing Dickens viewpoints are based on the understanding that alternate will not lie with in a twenty-four hour period and that years of very complicated give and take will have to occur in send for the Revolution to come replete circle (Stout 30).Another very valuable attribute to the duality of Charles Dickens written material is the constant contrasting between thesis and antithesis occurring in the central themes of the book. For example, the theme of death is contrasted with the theme of resurrection. The themes of death and biography are very closely intertwined in A Tale of Two Cities (Griffith 362). The two advance off of one another in order that the other quite a little exist. In the first book of the novel (which is divided into three unwrap books), the title is Recalled to Cities. Dr. Manette h ad been in prison for almost 25 years with very minimal human interaction. He is considered dead to humanity and to the productive world. In many of Dickens works, prison is a symbol for the grave. Critics say this may be because Dickens own father was absent during his own childishness due to his imprisonment at Marshasea. After Manette is released from prison, he is finding himself destitute for the first time in all these years to do what he pleases. The champion of both release and relief that he feels in this outcome can only be compared to resurrection. When Mr. Lotty travels from Paris to get Manette from prison, he views himself as actually picking up a corpse and taking it home. Lotty thinks to himself that it is as though Dr. Manette has been buried for so long that his body is beginning to deliver apart when he lowestly is able to be free. The quote doctor out at last, with Earth hanging around his face and hands, he would suddenly fall away to dust, from Lotty d isplays these beliefs. Lacre, the doctors daughter, also shares these beliefs that person who is emerging from prison after long years of imprisonment will have to be brought back to support. Dr. Manette cannot quite let go of the nail the thought of death and rebirth has had on him. He struggled with a post-imprisonment noetic incommode, sometimes known as cobbing, for some time, but finally is released by his daughter to begin the process of forgiving Darnay for the crimes he committed against the St. Evermondes. This final release to do something as innately human as to exonerate serves as another allegory for resurrection (A Tale of Two Cities 359)The themes of order and disorder also play a large part in the using of A Tale of Two Cities. The antithesis of these two opposingthemes also supports the overarching theme of duality. The book is set during the incredibly jarring years of the French Revolution. During these days, there is absolutely no way to predict whether or not the day will puzzle out total calamity or some sense of peace, much analogous the ocean and its uncertain weather. Dickens tends to use a lot of imagery involving the sea when describing the order and disorder of a particular(prenominal) situation. The mobs of people standing in the town square during the heat of the Revolution were described as the living sea. Charles Dickens also uses the metaphor that Ernest Defarge was a man who was stuck in a whirlwind. Both Ernest Defarge and his wife were very active members of the Revolutionary and were constantly risking their lives for the greater good of the Revolution. Disorder breaks blowsy again as Darnay re flakes to Paris. He arrives in direct concordance to the folk massacres that take place during that time. This was done deliberately by Dickens to plant how the disorder of the French Revolution finds its way seeping into the lives of very anyone who lived during that time. The unbelief between whether order or disorder will protrude the following chapter is something that is signature in Dickens writing in A Tale of Two Cities (A Tale of Two Cities 354). The contrast of characters is also a testament to the overarching theme of duality. Many of the characters play off of each other and are made stronger by the next. A couple even demonstrates the literary device of doppelganger. A doppelganger is a turnabout to a character that helps bring out certain aspects of both the characters For instance, Ernest Defarge and Mr. Lotty are considered doubles of each other. They range out in near the same position, but then fight down in opposite ways. Both Defarge and Lotty would identify themselves as businessmen. They also both cared for Dr. Manette during his time in prison. musical composition Defarge becomes more and more resentful and alter with hatred, Mr. Lorry becomes more and more redeemed by his total change of heart and composure that his get along for Darney induces (Lindsey 368).Another example of doppelganger in character is Charles Darnay and Sydney Carron and how these two opposites play off of one another. A doppelganger is a opposite to a character that helps bring out certain aspects of both the characters. The two are not merely spiritual and mental doppelgangers, but they also are basically physical replicas of each other. Sydney Carron and Charles Darnay were so physically superposable thatSydney Carron was executed because the executors thought he was Charles Darnay. Critics suggest that Carron and Darnay represent the two opposite sides of the same psyche. Charles Darnay was on trial for allegedly spying, his brilliant lawyer found a way to release him from jail by carrying the witness Carron. The witness disclosed that he no longer felt like his account was legitimate because of the similarity in the two mens physical features and he felt it very well could have been a mistake. This case of mistaken identity occurs again when cartonful takes Darnays place on the gallows and no one catches the mistake (A Tale of Two Cities 354). In some ways other than in a physical context, however, the two men are opposed. Darnay, for example, is obsessed with the idea of making right the evils that his uncle, marquis St. Evermonde, is responsible for. His uncle is the one who viciously raped Manettes sister and also serves as an example for the leading French social class. Darnay travels to Paris in the heat of the September massacres and is almost killed in the heat of one. His entire motive for traveling to France, however, was to try to save Gabelle, who was a servant for the family some time back. However, Darnay is unsuccessful in his attempts.On the other hand, Carney discloses to Lucie those years ago he was a very lazy and unproductive member of alliance. cartonful, however, is regarded as a brilliant lawyer, who exclusively has been held back because of his substance abuse problems. He has just recently finally become successfu l in developing a bid for Darnays release from the prison, and therefore secures even more his berth as a legitimate lawyer. The result of his successes, however, is ultimately his life when he sacrifices his own for Darnay. Darnay, conversely, has led a very moral and upstanding life but is not as successful of a character as cartonful in most perspectives. He works long and surd but is usually not rewarded for his efforts. Darnay really is only successful as a passive figure in his marriage. Darnay and cartonful seems to start at the same place, but then start to switch places as the story progresses. For instance, at the beginning of the book, Carton is presented almost as an antagonist. He seems to not be able to get his life unneurotic. He struggles with alcoholism and cannot seem to nail out his priorities. Conversely, Darnay seems to be the exact opposite. He seems to have everything together and then by some poor twist of luck lands himself a convicted prisoner. Towards the end of the book though, Carton on the otherhand, turns around his ways and becomes a much more productive and moral member of society, in particular when he sacrifices his own life for Darnay and takes his place on the gallows (Lindsey 362).The similarities between Carton and Darnay do not stop with appearance and having personalities that over time turn into each others. The characters are also both in love with the same girl. Both Carton and Darnay seem to be very too-generous in their motives but express these motives in completely different ways. While Carton seems to be a bit of a misfit in society and does not really have anyone to that needs him, he can be more self-sacrificing than Darnay. Darnay has a family at home who needs him and so he cannot be as liberal in how he chooses to display his generosity. Darnay is very well organized and seems to be much more tenacious when it comes to his emotions and how he controls them. Carton is a very emotion oriented characte r who just is led mostly by impulse and does not seem to weigh out pros and cons as Darnay sensibly does. Both characters want the same thing ultimately, but choose different ways of expressing these interests. Cartons gesture of complete selflessness highlights the fact that there is good in spite of all the inhumanity of the French revolution. Carton takes an action that should display cruel justice and turns it into something that shows purity and redemption also showing the duality of his character. This scene also supports the theme of death and resurrection. (Tale of Two Cities 359). Charles Dickens also uses characterization to display some of his own views on the French revolution. Davis cleaning lady notes that Dickens weak development of his characters in A Tale of Two Cities is not just a common flaw in his writing or due to some laziness on his part. Instead, this ambiguity of whom the characters really are actually paints a portrait into his deeper feelings about what i s going on socially in this time. The characters are not individuals who Dickens has created to stand alone.They are vessels that seem to transport certain behavioral patterns that Dickens wants to display in A Tale of Two Cities. The characters reactions to events and dialogues are not to envelop who they are as a character and the part they play in the book. Instead, they show different sides of the revolution that the author wanted the reader to see through first hand experience. He also uses doppelganger and doubles in order to getthat point across to the reader. The characters in A Tale of Two Cities are very repetitive in their thought and behaviors and are not usually given to change except in the sense of Carton. As the characters are formed throughout the book, we become aware of social implications we usually would not have been aware of. As the reader becomes critical of Carton for his abuses of alcohol and being very lazy over all, we start to head teacher our own judg ment as the character of Carton starts to improve as a person. When he emerges as a hero at the end of the book, the reader realizes how many other individuals were judged prematurely during this time for not playacting like a part of the social norm. To the contrary, the reader starts to form generalizations about Darnays character and again turn out to be wrong. At the end of the book, the reader is confused about the authors significance in Darnay and Cartons morality (Stout 30-31).In A Tale of Two Cities, the author uses the characters flaws to point out many things about the duality of human nature. Cartons alcohol problems highlight many issues not only in his own personal life but also draws parallels throughout the book about the universal truth that humans are not just what meets the eye, but also have many deep-rooted streaks that they are purposefully hiding from the world. Carton seems to be the novels character whose morality is called into question, but in reality, i t should be Darnay. He may not seem like he is the type of person to struggle inwardly with substance abuse issues such as alcohol, but inwardly, he is the one who hosts the most ethical and moral issues. Carton is lost in a daily routine that includes hurting his body with alcohol with his daily patterns that can hardly be managed. The internal motivating for man is something that is not known to the outside observer (Sims 219). It is a wonderful fact to reflect upon, that every human creature is constituted to be that profound secret and mystery to every other. A solemn thoughtfulness when I enter a great city by night.That everyone of these darkly clustered houses encloses its own secrets, every room is teeming with its own secrets (Dickens 15). Carton reveals his love to Lucie in a way that can only be described as ambivalent. Dickens use of paradox and doubles is only exemplified further through Cartons very complicated and conglomerate love affair with Lucie, although it is very one sided. Dickens usage of the equaliser in constructing paradox does not stop short of the plot, however, and uses it in his grammar as well. Dickensuses the one sided tricolons to demonstrate this symmetry. Dickens is known for this type of anaphora. For example, when Carton is going to visit Lucie to tell her that he is in love with her, he tells her that he is in love with her fondly, dearly, disinterestedly, devoted. This quadruplet set of words embodies both paradox and two sets of doubles and is a prime example for Dickens style. In a speech to Lucies father, later in the passage, he uses another set of these descriptive quadruplets. Cartons words are supposed to be seen as persuasive and not judgmental, although they seem to come off as both (Patterson 30). Charles Dickens integrates many different pairs of characters, places, and themes that make it near impossible for the reader to read A Tale of Two Cities without gathering some feeling and understanding more ab out the book than just the plot. Although A Tale of Two Cities is different from Dickens other works, it remains a powerful piece of literature that provokes thought and shows purposefulness in a dark time in the history of France. The duality in A Tale of Two Cities displays the idea that there is a silver lining against every cloud and events are not constantly as stark and hopeless as they seem. There is a different side to every story (A Tale of Two Cities 558-360). flora CitedA Tale of Two Cities, Novels for Students. Ed. Sheryl Ciccarelli and Marie blushNapierkowski. Vol. 5. Farmington Hills Gale, 1999. 351-360. Print. Davis, Paul. Charles Dickens from A to Z The Essential Reference to His Life andWorks. New York Checkmark, 1998. Print.Dickens, Charles. A Tale of Two Cities. New York Penguin, 2007. Print. Dickenss A Tale Of Two Cities. Explicator 53.4 (1995) 204. pedantic SearchPremier. Web. 27 Jan. 2013.Griffith, George V. Criticism A Tale of Two Cities. Novels for Studen ts. Ed. Sheryl Ciccarelli and Marie Rose Napierkowski. Vol. Five. Farmington Hills Gale, 1999. 362-364. Print. Lindsey, Jack. A Tale of Two Cities, Novels for Students. Ed. Sheryl Ciccarelli and Marie Rose Napierkowski. Vol. Five. Farmington Hills Gale, 1999. 362-364. Print. O Mealy, Joseph H. Dickens A Tale of Two Cities, Explicator 42.2 (1984)10,3. donnish Search Premier. Web. 15 January 2013.Patterson, Frank M. Dickenss A Tale of Two Cities. Explicator 47.4 (1989)30. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Feb. 2013.Sims, Jessica. Dickens A Tale of Two Cities. Explicator. 63.4 (2005) 219-222.Academic Search Premier. Web. 15 January 2013.1999. 362-364. Print.Stout, Daniel. Nothing Personal The Decapitation Of Character In A Tale Of Two Cities. Novel A Forum On Fiction 41.1 (2007) 29-52. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Feb. 2013.

Analysis of Burial at Thebes

The opening events of the play quickly establish the central conflict. Creon has decree that the traitor Polynices must not be given proper burial, and Antig mavin is the still one who will speak against this decree and insist on the sacredness of family. Whereas Antigone divulges no inclemency in a law that disregards the duty family members owe one another, Creons layer of view is exactly opposite.He has no use for anyone who places privy ties above the coarse good, as he proclaims firmly to the refrain and the sense of hearing as he revels in his victory over Polynices. Creons graduation speech, which is dominated by words such as principle, law, policy, and decree, shows the extent to which Creon fixates on government and law as the supreme authority. Between Antigone and Creon there crapper be no compromisethey both find absolute validity in the respective loyalties they uphold.In the struggle between Creon and Antigone, Sophocles audience would have recognize a genu ine conflict of duties and values. In their honorable philosophy, the ancient Athenians clearly recognized that conflicts can arise between two separate scarce valid principles, and that such situations call for practical judgment and mental retardation. From the Greek point of view, both Creons and Antigones positions are flawed, because both oversimplify ethical life by recognizing only one kind of good or duty.By oversimplifying, each ignores the fact that a conflict exists at all, or that deliberation is necessary. Moreover, both Creon and Antigone display the dangerous flaw of pride in the way they justify and carry issue their decisions. Antigone admits right from the beginning that she wants to carry out the burial because the action is glorious. Creons pride is that of a tyrant. He is headstrong and unyielding, unwilling throughout the play to listen to advice.The danger of pride is that it leads both these characters to overlook their own humilitary personnel finitud ethe limitations of their own powers. Oddly enough, the comical, underclass messenger is the only character to exhibit the uncertainty and careful advisement of alternatives required by practical judgment. The sentry has no fixed image of an appropriate pattern of action. He says that as he was coming to comport his message, he was lost in thought, turning back and forth, pondering the consequences of what he might say and do.The sentrys comic wavering seems, at this point, like the only sensible way of acting in this federation unlike Creon or Antigone or even Ismene, the sentry con situationrs the possible alternatives to his endow situation. As a comic character, the sentry offsets the brutal force of Creons will. Whereas the conflict between Creon and Antigone is a violent clash of two opposing, emphasized wills, Creons injustice is clearest when he promises to kill the sentry if the person responsible for Polynices burial is not found.The two times the Chorus speaks in this section, it seems to side with Creon and the established power of Thebes. The Choruss first speech (117179) separates the thwart pride of the invading enemy Zeus hates bravado and bragging. Yet this eulogy to the victory of Thebes through the graces of Zeus has a subtly critical edge. The Choruss focus on pride and the fall of the prideful comments underhand on the willfulness we have just seen in Antigone and will see in Creon.Few speeches in the Oedipus plays are more swollen with self-importance than Creons first speech, where he assumes the awesome task of setting the citys course and reiterates his decree against the traitor Polynices (199). The second choral ode begins on an approving note but becomes darker toward the end. This ode celebrates the wonder of man, but the Greek word for marvelous (deinon) has already been used twice in the play with the connotation of stately or frightening (the messenger and Chorus use it to describe the mysterious burial of the bod y).The Chorus seems to praise man for being able to get through whatever goal he sets his sights oncrossing the sea in winter, snaring birds and beasts, taming wild horses. But the point of the ode is that while man may be able to master nature by developing techniques to achieve his goals, man should formulate those goals by taking into consideration the mood and mind for law, justice, and the common good. Otherwise, man becomes a monster.In his first speech, Creon also uses imagery of mastery to describe the way he governshe holds the ship of state on course (180). The logical problem with Creons rhetoric is that maintaining the ship cannot be the final good or goal in life, as he seems to think. Ships voyage with some further end in mind, not for the sake of traveling. Similarly, the stableness of the state may be important, but only because that stability enables the by-line of other human goals, such as honoring family, gods, and loved ones.

Assess the Importance of Ideology in the Formulation of Nazi Foreign Policy to 1939

From Hitlers appointment as Chancellor on January 30 1933 to the beginning of WWII on Sept 3 1939, the national socialist state pursued an aggressive strange indemnity that contributed more often than not to the let onbreak of war. This impertinent policy was largely reflective of the goals Hitler had set out in his 1924 autobiography Mein Kampf, particularly Germanys easterly moving aggressions. However, although Nazi ideology vie a dominant role in structuring foreign policy to 1939, it was besides bullyly influenced by the response of the affiliate to aggressions and hence Hitlers perception of which foreign policies could be most successful.Hence, whilst Nazi ideology surmises the ultimate goals of Nazi foreign policy to 1939, the role of events from 1933-1939 played a significant detail in determining Germanys actions. Hitlers sense of politics and race can be summed up in world view (world view), as depict in Mein Kampf. Written in 1924 later on Hitler had been arrested for an attempt coup, the autobiography deals with the issues plaguing Germany at the time, including the instability of the Weimar Republic and the problem of WWI reparation payments as set out in the 1919 conformity of Versailles.Hitler, as a constituent of nationalist Nazi party, despised democracy, and believed that it undermined Germanys success. Further, Hitler gave validity to the stabbing in the back myth, claiming that WWIs loss had been unnecessary, and had been caused as a result of the shrewd Jewish state. Using these intellectuals, Hitler believed that should Germany be boomed into a grossdeutschland by creating aliment space (living room) in the resource-rich East, wherein the superior Aryan race could reside.All other races, particularly Slavs & Jews, were denoted as racially inferior, and were intended by Hitler to be used as slaves. throughout Mein Kampf, Hitler euphorically and openly describes his war intentions for Germany, in quotes much(prenomina l) as Any conglutination whose purpose is not the intention to wage war is useless. However, when Hitler came to ply in 1933, Germany was unfit to pursue Hitlers aims, and required a great deal of restructuring in format to increase output and production.Therefore, despite Hitlers ultimately war goals, he was forced to delay aggressions until the German force could be rebuilt. This began in 1935, when Hitler announced open plans for rearmament and introduced conscription, in order to fort and prepare the Wehrmacht. This was a direct violation of the agreement of Versailles, however the Allies chose not to act. At this stage, Hitlers popularity as a leader was large, seen by the success of the Saar plebiscite in January 1935 in which the Saarlands population chose to rejoin Germany, as before the Treaty.Even by the end of 1935, it was pop off that Nazi Germany was expanding, and intended to continue. On March 7th 1936, Hitler ordered the invasion of the Rhineland. This foreig n policy was incredibly aggressive, and showed even greater disregard for the ground of treaty. The Rhineland had been established by the Treaty as buffer mingled with France and Germany, in order to ensure Frances safety after the German invasion of WWI. By invading it, Hitler immediately threatened France, and demo his serious intent to expand Germany, as outlined in Mein Kampf.However, although this invasion coheres to the ideologies outlined in Mein Kampf, namely the reversal of the Treaty of Versailles, the invasion was largely experimental, and establish on the previous non-action of the Allies to Hitlers defiance of the treaty. A mere 22,000 German troops entered the Rhineland, and could hire easily been suppressed by Allied forces, Hitler himself admitting that had the French resisted, Germany would be forced to recede immediately. Despite this, the Allies chose not to respond yet again.This was a decisive point in structuring future Nazi foreign policy, as it demo nstrated the Allies unwillingness to participate in conflict, and preference to appease. Had the Allies stop the occupation of the Rhineland, it is unlikely that Hitlers aggressive foreign policies would have been so actively pursued, as they risked increased resistance and further embarrassment. In October 1936, the Rome-Berlin axis vertebra was realised, a policy-making alliance linking the fascist forces of Italy under Mussolini with Nazi Germany.At this time, Italy excessively was pursuing an aggressive foreign policy in order to create a racially perfect Italy, goals similar to those of Hitler. Hence, the signing of this agreement indicates Hitlers intention to keep to his racial ideologies, and to link with necessary powers in order to make lebensraum for the Aryan race. Further, the Hossbach memorandum of 1937 clearly demonstrates Hitlers plans to expand Europe in order to strengthen Europe, and his intentions to formulate foreign policy based on these aims.In March 1938 , Hitler affected Anschluss with Germany-a union that had been forbidden by the Treaty. This posit was met with opposition by Austrian Chancellor Schuschnigg, who insisted on a plebiscite. However, after a large amount of pressure, the Anschluss was agreed to, and shortly after, German troops entered Austria. German and Austrian union had been forbidden specifically after their loaded alliance in WWI, and the threat they posed as a unite force. By 1938, Hitler had defied the Treaty of Versailles several times, and had yet to undertake resistance by the Allies.Particularly in the case of Austria, the Allies chose to not intervene because of a flavor that Germany was simply marching into its backyard. On top of this, by 1938 Germany was experiencing high living standards as a result of Hitlers volksgemeinschaft and was a formidable power, consequently the Allies recognised German desire for expansion into a previously had region. It also evident that Hitler mum this detail in the timing of the Anschluss-when in 1936 Hitler had make similar demands, the Allies stood opposed, and the Wehrmacht was ill-equipped to defy Allied wishes.In 1938 Hitler understood Germanys military capacity, and used its position to pursue the foreign policies based on the ideologies in Mein Kampf. By 1938, Hitler had acquired all desired territories with relative ease, as a result of their size and insignificance to the balance of power on the European continent. It was this confidence that allowed Hitler to pursue his most aggressive foreign policy yet-the demand for the Sudetenland. The Sudetenland was part of Czechoslovakia, which had been created post WWI.Previously German rule, it still contained 3 million German speakers. Hitlers demand was based on the actoring that its German population should be united with the rest of Germany, in spite of Czechoslovakias s all overeignty. In this demand, Hitler demonstrated his willingness to defy the right of independent states in or der to achieve his own ends. President Banes refused not only out of principal, but also because of the regions massive industrial production and abundance of resources. Hitler stood inflexible and threatened that invasion was imminent.British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, in recognition of the situation, flew to meet with Hitler in his Wilhelmshaven residence on September 15, in order to reason with him. Hitler stood firm, justifying his demand by claiming that a Czech-Soviet accordance was a threat to European security. Chamberlain, a conservative politician, believed that Hitler could be appeased, and thus suggested that perhaps Germanys putsch of the Sudetenland could be achieved through non-aggressive means, a suggestion far surpassing his authority. On Sept 26, German, British, French and Italian delegates met in Munich to discuss the details of the takeover.Czech and Soviet delegates were not invited to this meeting, despite their large role in the outcomes. Once the terms had been agreed to, and delegates, particularly Chamberlain, were satisfied, Germany annexed the Sudetenland. Yet again, Hitler had been appeased and had accomplished his expansionary goals, managing to attain another territory prohibited by the Treaty. The movement of Germanys aggressions were those aimed for in Mein Kampf-hence suggesting that ideology had played an integral role in formulating Nazi foreign policy to that success.This liking is further reinforced by the extension of Hitlers grasp on Czechoslovakia, when in 1939 Hitler ordered that the rest of the state be handed over to Germany, which was quickly agreed to. Hitlers accomplishments had all been aimed for in 1924-however, without the non-response of the Allies, and Chamberlains move belief that appeasement would succeed in limiting Hitlers aggressions, Nazi foreign policy would not have been as ambitious, and it is unlikely that aggressions would have succeeded, thus further aggressions, such as with the dem and for the Sudetenland, would have been unlikely.This suggests that although foreign policy was based on ideological principles, its formulation was responsive to the European powers. The responsive nature of Nazi foreign policy is highlighted by the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression treaty of 1939. In Hitlers understanding of race, Slavs were considered racially inferior, and Hitlers own political directly opposed Stalins communism. In fact, Hitlers ultimate intentions in Mein Kampf included obtaining Eastern Europe, by crushing the Slavs.Thus, this non-aggression pact completely contradicted what seemed to be the intention of Nazi foreign policy to 1939, and what Hitler had been adamant about in Mein Kampf. However, the pact was of strategic brilliance for Germany, for several reasons. With serious intentions to invade Poland, Hitler was go about with the possibility of a two-front war from Russia, which he understood would be disqualifying to the Wehrmacht. Further, whilst the Germ an military was capable of fighting Allied resistance, should the Russians have made an alliance with the Allies, the struggle would intensify.Therefore, when German and Russian foreign minister Ribbentropp and Molotov, respectively, subscribe the pact on August 23 1939, it guaranteed temporary security for some(prenominal) powers, and allowed for rapid capture of Poland beginning on September 1 1939. This pact demonstrated Hitlers flexibility in achieving his aims, sacrificing one of his fundamental ideological principles in order to create an effective Nazi foreign policy. In analysing the weightings of ideology and circumstances in the formulation of Nazi foreign policy, at that place exists two main schools of thought intentionalist and structuralist.Intentionalist historians believe that Nazi foreign policy was based entirely on the principles clearly outlined in Mein Kampf, whilst structuralists, such as AJP Taylor, believe Hitlers foreign policy was created by opportunitie s presented to him between 1933-1939, and that documents such as the Hossbach memorandum do not demonstrate clear intentions based on ideological principles but simply aggressive intentions, as per many European powers at the time.In reality, neither arguement encompasses the scope of considerations taken in the formulation of Nazi foreign policy, however to disregard Mein Kampf and the ideological pursuits described in it which Hitlers foreign policies to 1939 directly reflected is unacceptable in understanding the aims of Nazi foreign policy.Therefore it can been seen that whilst the racial and political ideologies of Hitler, as outlined in 1924, played a significant role in Nazi foreign policy to 1939, several other factors, including the response of the Allies to Hitlers aggressions and Germany militarys capacity, greatly affected Nazi foreign policy, and were arctic in both its timing and creation.

Maslows Heiharchy of Needs in Ordinary People Essay

Knowing some one and only(a) that has died is highly hard. Its even worse when that person is in your family. When someone dies, the family is on the face of it going to regret. While they are grieving together, they dont grieve the same way, at the same time. For example, when my grandpa died in 2009, my grandma was in denial and carried on regular life for a day or two. She even did the laundry and ironed his clothes. When my mom found out almost her dad, she went into depression. After a little bit, my mom got really angry and touch while my grandma went into depression for some two years. They were grieving together, save at different rates through different phases. They have some(prenominal) accepted the fact that hes gone but that one day they will see him again, so theres no take in to be upset. In Ordinary People, Conrad, Calvin, and Beth also have to grieve. passim this grieving process, Maslows Hierarchy of Needs comes into play. Every person in the story is trying to reach for self-actualization. For example, Calvins need of esteem showed when he and Beth were getting ready for the day at the beginning of the book. He was cerebration about how he was orphaned at age 11, and thinking about all of the roles he plays as an adult. Calvin Jarret, forty-one, U.S. Citizen, tax attorney, husband, father. (Guest, 7). He also showed his need of esteem when he thought specifically about fatherhood and wherefore he messed up with Conrad by not listening to him enough. Responsibility. That is fatherhood. You cannot afford to fille any signs, because that is how it happens somebody holding too much inside, somebody else abstracted signs. (Guest, 9)

Physical Preparedness Of Columbus Police Essay

Describe in one page or less how you would select the Columbus Police patrol incumbents to be surveyed.The interrogation Project Physical Prep bedness of Columbus Police Officers in Citizen Encounters Involving Force. mastermind Panel Respondents of this research should have the following qualificationsMust be in the midst of the age of 21 35Must have 6 or more months field experience as a Patrol officer of ColumbusMust be active in the police wadMust be a resident of ColumbusMust at least have one corporeal encounter with a citizen ingest Size 1000 police patrol officersMethodology This research will employ a qualitative and quantitative research wherein a interpretive program sample of the target audience will be randomly selected to do a target panel. Through qualitative research by victimization an open-ended questionnaire, spontaneous or not pre- viewd responses are solicited through a free willing method. Meanwhile, the answers from the qualitative research will be bes ides dealt with in the quantitative research apply a closed-ended questionnaire that will allow for figures or raw data.Through these two types of research, the researcher will determine the cause of the lack of preparation of police officers during encounters with noncombatants.Construct a shortened 5-item unstructured, open-ended questionnaire that will determine the patrol officers views as to how well they are prepared for physical encounters with citizens where lethal force is not an issue.Open-ended questionnaire for instruction Group DiscussionWhat are the risks involved in being a police officer in Columbus? If physical encounter with citizens is not cited, ask about the probability of experiencing physical encounters with citizens while on duty.What contour of trainings did you receive before you engaged in police field operations or patrol duty?Were these trainings able to help you prepare for physical encounters with citizens? Why? If not, why?As a police officer, w hat do you deem are the factors that provoke physical encounters with citizens? Enumerate manoeuvres or methods on how to conduct proper management of physical encounters with citizens? Explain each tactic/method.What are the causes of mismanagement of physical encounters with citizens? How should these be prevented?Construct an 8-item structured questionnaire using closed-end questions that involve multiple response choices that addresses the same issue in motility 2.Closed-ended questionnaire for SurveyQuestionspowerfully AgreeAgreeNeutralDisagreeStrongly Disagree1. Is your stock as a patrol officer deserving all the risks?2. Do you think that force is needed in enforcing the fair play?3. Are you willing to employ force when you are threatened by a civilian?4. Do civilians usually provoke physical encounters with equity enforcers?5. Do you think that the use of force is effective in promoting respect?6. Do you think that there is a need to have a good physical and quick-th inking build to better handle physical encounters?7. Do you think that by having police weapons and gadgets will help you do your job better in enforcing the law?8. Are you prepared physically, emotionally and psychologically to engage in a physical encounter with a civilian?

Hw assignment revised Essay

floriculture includes eachthing about a particular groups counselling of life history from high art to the most ordinary behavior (what we eat for breakfast, for example). It is be as the manner of life for a whole society and the essence of friendlyly transmitted behavioral patterns and crumb be classified into values, norms, institutions and artifacts. The good deal of distinctive features of a society or a societal group, which includes emotional, eldritch and intellectual, tail be called as culture.It encompasses the communitys ways of breathing to constituteher, its value systems, customs and ideals. Everything we do, from our food to our behavior can be considered as culture. From the essay, From Culture to Hegemony, culture is define as the norm of life. Barthes who used the archetype of linguist de Saussure, sought to uncoer the latent messages of the norms. He tried it from incase to little things. Transmission of culture is d sensation by dint of language, material objects, customs, institutions, and art, passed from unitary generation to a nonher generation.Usually, this transmission remains intact and pure however, when alien influences set in either through cultural diffusion and/or assimilation, naturally, the native culture will find be puzzle irreparably modified. In From a Native Daughter, Haunaini-Kay Trask, bemoans the rape of her native lands culture. How the haole invaded their land and proceeded to transpose their history. For her historians like the missionaries from whom she had her education, were a part of then colonizing horde, one part annex the spirit and the other the mind.She believed that any outsider were to understand them, one should rootage know their language, their songs, their chants, their customs, and their bond with the aina (the land). She said, This bond is cultural, it can besides be unsounded culturally IDEOLOGY Ideology includes the underlying ideas that shape culture. These ideas ar oft entimes what we take for granted, i. e. they ar unconscious. For example, the idea that success is gained through going to college and acquire a high paying job seems so obvious as to be truth. However, it is part of an ideology.A trick in identifying ideologies is to look for dim terms in a statement. What does success mean and where did that meaning come from? Ideology is the organized collection of underlying ideas that shape the culture. Being unconscious, they be often see for granted. They are abstract thoughts applied to reality and every society has an ideology on which they base their actions on. From Marxs Ideology as quoted in Subculture the meaning of Style by Dick Hebdidge, ideology is defined as a set of common beliefs that lie beneath the sentiency commonly known as common sense.This common sense, although transparently, validates ideas. These taken for granted phenomena can function as signs, which in turn, will hypothesise the reality of the culture and can b e analyzed through mapping them on a range of potential meanings. Power and class are parameters which extends and vary ideology thus making it achievable to have different levels of divided labor. Our education system is the one who is responsible in ingraining the ideology into the individualistics of the society.In other words, the ideologies are maps of probable meanings which serve to have persons think their way into positions of berth or subordination. HEGEMONY A form of power usually built on ideologies. Instead of bullying (i. e. using coercion) to get your way, its easier and more sustainable to make your victim believe that your way is the right way. For example, railway car makers dont have to force us to buy new cars at gunpoint its easier to make us think that getting a new car every duette of years is simply what one does.The underlying ideology might be that newness equals human progress. Hegemony is the subtle almost undetected authority of one individual over another and/or one group of people over another group. This dominance however doesnt use threats or force. Naturally, the superior party in our society has their advantages. For example, a ascendent party can dictate the terms of trade to its advantage. Moreover, our cultural perspectives became in favor of the dominant group. It controls the way ideas are discarded or neutralized.It happens in a scarcelyt against where hegemony alters our notions of common sense of a given society. According to the Gramsci, hegemony is the association of social groups exerting total social authority through coercion, imposition of thought or shaping consent. Familiar examples of this include the selling of cars where you coerce your buyers to buy because it is only right that you get yourself a car and thinking that it is simply what one does after a few years of using an old car. It may also because of the ideology thats behind it is that a new car means an improvement in your lifestyle.Hall is also quoted in Subculture the meaning of style, in the chapter, From Culture to Hegemony, Hall (1977) was cited saying, hegemony refers to the situation in which a doubtful alliance of a certain social group exerts total social authority over other subordinate groups not only through coercion or by the direct imposition of ruling ideas but by winning and shaping consent so that the power of the autocratic class appears to be legitimate and natural DEFAMILIARIZATIONLastly, defamiliarization, also called ostanenie is a system of forcing the audience to see common things in an unfamiliar way. It is done in order to improve the insight of the familiar. Religion is a tried and tried and true way of bringing order to a world of chaotic events. In the bind, World View and the Analysis of Sacred Symbols, from the Antioch Re count on by Clifford Geertz wherein he describes how religion is composed of sets of symbols that are in turn composed of meanings that can only be stored in t he symbols. He says that a peoples ethos is the way they dress or their movements and the way they talk.In general it is the property of their lives while the world view is the cognitive aspect reflects how the people view the natural order of things as they are found in their world. solely of these things are in some way or another affected by the religion of the people. Geertz considers the wajang as the clearest illustration of the relationship between the metaphysical (i. e. religion, belief etc) and the people of Javas actual values. The wajang is the ritual prat play using puppets that usually lasts all night and well into the ahead of time morning.The gamelan is the director musician and storyteller all in one. The most far-famed characters in the wajang are the Pendawas and the Korawas, and their endless wars. The Pendawas encounter the five senses that must forever work together to come up with just and good decisions. They fight calm detachment from the casual ev ents of life which is the way these myths are interpreted and translated into the actual culture that is in the peoples of Java. The Korawas on the other hand represent passion and indiscretion.They are the representative icons that depict the capacity of religion not only to set the standards of ideal living but also delineate the workings of evil and destruction. Just like the Navajo looks at everything that is good and amentaceous as in the form of a draw and thus evokes the circle in everything they do, so does the Javanese in their quest to detach themselves from the passions of everyday life to transcend into inner serenity and peace. Their world views affect their ethos and in turn dictate how they view their reality and consequently how they react to it.The concept of defamiliarization as defined above is also effectively illustrated in the article by George Orwell, Shooting an Elephant. In this article he tells the readers how he had to go through the elephant not becau se he had to do it to save the people, or because it is truly a danger, in spite of it having killed a coolie, he says that he killed the living creature to save himself from looking like a fool it is judge of him to not be afraid, to be consistent (and thus consistent in his initial impulse to kill the elephant).His nationality and the empire he represents have created such a concept that as a member of the empire he is expected to conform to. Thus his actions no matter how mundane and ordinary they are will not have correspondingly simple interpretations at to the lowest degree as far as the natives are concerned.

The Hole in the Wall

Today I fin eery(prenominal)y found an flat tire to live in, its not much only if what can you demand? Im keep mum in college so this is in all can afford. The flatbed is pretty comport down, i was cleaning it up the best i could when i sight a hole in the mole, it had opus stuffed inside it. I pulled all the paper out to find out that the hole travels all the charge to the apartment room next penetration to mine. You suffer a fair view of the whole apartment, i could easily spy on my inhabit if i really wanted to. At least its not a big hole i ruling to myself, its about the size of a golf ball.I reached for my phone to check the time. Its 820am. I grabbed the paper and forced it back into the little hole and rushed out the room access, i was going to be late for class.When classes ended for the day i firm to go straight planetary house, exhausted, i dragged myself into the elevator. The door was starting to c miss when this one-year-old woman was heading quickly for the elevator. I pushed the button to hold the door open for her, she thanked then we stood in silence. I took a glance her modal value to realize how attractive this woman was, she had long brown hair and beautiful green plazaball, she looked really smart and put together, i couldnt set out my eyes off her. When the elevator stopped on my floor i was impress to see her get off behind me. I walked for my apartment door to find out that this very attractive woman is my neighbour I walked into my apartment with a huge grin on my face, thrilled that she was victuals next door.Later on that wickedness my curiosity got the best of me, I had to take a little peek into the hole in the wall to see what my neighbour was up to. Lucky for me i caught her in the snapper of changing. I watched her for a few minutes then decided to master the hole back up, i dont want to push my luck. After i covered the hole up I did my homework and went to bed.I woke up to someone heavy inklinging , it was really strange. At root i thought it was in my dreams but then I realized this was real life. It sounded comparable someone was struggling, gasping for air. And Im pretty sure its coming from my neighbours apartment. Completely terrified, i lento pulled the paper out of the little hole in the wall. I press my face up against the wall and let my eyes adjust to the dark. I was completely horrified from what i saw, someone was stabbing my neighbour to death. I must of watch this person stab her a dozen times. Who ever they were really wanted to make sure she was dead thats for sure. I unploughed as quiet as i could, waiting for the murderer to start the apartment, hoping to get a look at their face. When the murderer turned to bring home the bacon i caught a glimpse of their face, it was a man, very tall with a very narrow face with an abnormally large nose. He would be fairly easy to identify if i were ever to see him again.I backed away from the hole and raced for my p hone. I was just about to inflict the police when i realized I couldnt. If i called them I would have to explain that i was spying on my neighbour through a hole in my wall which sounds creepy and also suspicious. So i put my phone down and sat in my bed, trembling and marred from what i have just seen. I didnt sleep for the rest of the night and decided to leave for school at the crack of dawn so that i wouldnt be around when someone realizes that my neighbour has been killed.I came home late that night to find two policeman outside my apartment. They started to solicit me questions about my neighbour and where i was last night. They came inside my house and took a look around and they found the hole in the wall. I explained that i have only been living here a few days and its clear that on that point are still some renovations that need to take place. After hours of questions the police left, tired of getting repetitive answers but Im not going to reveal my secret so i kept wi th my story.I decided to put it all behind me and try to move on, the first couple nights i had a hard time sleeping but after a week everything was going good. Then again, i woke up to the same noise in the middle of the night, heavy breathing. It was coming from the apartment next door again. This time i completely panicked because there is no one living in that apartment now. Its still all taped off from the crime scene investigation, no one was been in that room other than the police.I found the courage to rise to my feet, my legs quivered as i walked over to the hole in the wall, not knowing what to expect when i remove the paper from it. I took a deep breath a pulled the paper out. I looked through the hole and saw nothing, there was no one there. I backed away from the wall and forcefully ran my fingers through my hair, i think Im starting to lose my mind. Then i heard the noise again so i turned towards the hole again. There was a wide-open bloodshot eye starring back at me . The hideous unblinking eye asterisked at me as i crouched to the floor frozen with fear. Then the silence was broken by a womans raspy instance saying i know you saw.

Where Have You Been?Where Are You Going By Joyce Oates

1. Examine the dapple of your essay. Explain the basis of reasoning. The story begins by portraying Connies character. She is rebellious, self-centered, romantic, seductive, however deprivations experience. Her liveliness was envisi wizd as a girl whose only potency was rooted from her charm and beauty. Her normal life circles rough facing the reverberate and making herself beautiful, being sc hoared by her mother, being compared to his sister, a father who get int took time for her, and hanging erupt with her best takeoff rocket. She loves to watch movies and hearing to music.She meets boys but the story did not clearly portray of her having a boyfriend. That was in one case the constant life she had, past one day everything has changed. A rummy came in to their house when she was left alone. The stranger uttered promising oral communication ab kayoed escaping the cruelties she had at home and disc everyplaceing the world where she could do everything she propensitys . She was fighting at deep inside at first. In the end she turned out to become a victim of a demonic character who seduced and jeopardize her through her weakness. . Explain the field of study and diachronic content of the article The theme of the story tackles on abuses on womens rights. The story also portrayed most problems associated with childly ages like being un competent to speak freely, and the lack of experience as a basis of making logical judgment. The historical content is closely associated with Womens Movement. It was also based on a story about a psychopath on his early thirty- just aboutthing known as The Pied Piper of Tucson. He loves to seduce women and then murder them.Most of her victims were teenagers in the Tucson area, for some reason they kept his secret, on purpose did not inform parents or police. Oates has been very particular in devoting some of her books for encourageing Womens Movement. This is the response of umteen crusaders to rampant cas es of abuses and personnel physically, franticly, sexually against women in the past years. It was intensified in the year sixties and early 70s and has become subjects of many debates and literature pennings concerning giving sufficient rights and opportunities for men and women.The movement is fighting for giving women equal employment opportunities with men, exemption to speak for themselves, and balance of power in handling their relationships with families. Most of her writings were fictional portrayals of real situations and cases occurring between sexes being women as the subject of violence. Critics believed that Oates occupies a controversial redact in tradition of libber literature. She portrays most of her female person characters as chargeful, reliant and passive for instance, Connie was portrayed as a young girl who has lived in the shadow of her mothers improper upbringing.She was forever and a day scolded by her mother and being compared to his older sister in her everyday characters and actions which her mother emphasized as indecent. That kind of situation was very sorrowful that shed wished shed died as a way of departing from it. She lives in fear and was unable to overcome it. Being portrayed as young at age clearly shows womens weakness that had turned them submissive and do by in most cases. Her mother as supreme over her portrays her position that is always searching to be heard.Being a victim of emotional abuse she ended up thinking of what is life outside her out from the family she hated. The whole story itself shows women as powerless against abusers. The story ended has a hanging ending, although she has escaped the cruelties at home but ends up at another abusers hands. While most critics reach damaging perceptions of her ideas about dependency of women, there are still who provoke defended the feminist sense in her writings.In fact, in her later works she was able to portray power of female bonds and their journe y towards self discovery. 3. Offer support or criticism to the essay of your own thought. Offer support (at least TWO references). The story calls for awakening. We should not abuse every authority we get down because our actions have direct effects on people around us either physically or mentally. It has rooted deep influence on its readers that it has become one of the most widely reprinted stories that have appeared on many short story compilations.In 1972, Walter Sullivan noted the story as one of her most widely reprinted stories and justly so. Awakening is, in the storys final lines, travel out into the sunlight where Arnold Friend waits My sweet little blue-eyed girl, he said in a half-sung sigh that had nothing to do with Connies dark-brown eyes but was taken up just the same by the vast sunlit reaches of the land behind him and on all sides of himso much land that Connie had never seen before and did not recognize merely to know that she was going to it. http//www. us fca. edu/southerr/works/film/smoothtalk. html). For Connie, it was an awakening of what is life out of home? And what is life in the real world. When treated on our inaugurate society, there are lots of individuals who became members of cruelties by those who consider themselves powerful and strong. The immaterial have fooled many people by their promising words and arduous. on the nose like how Arnolds friend uttered promising words and threatening to force Connie to go with her.All throughout the story, there lines were temptations have succeeded over Connie. She never listen to her mamma, but instead rebel inside and wished she and her mom would better die. Her young minds desire of having fun, and her ignorant desire for romance, and be able to grow old for her to escape from being tightened have exposed her to the world of the more experienced individuals. That is how Arnolds friend met her and have started to desire for her young and desirable charm and beauty.It happens in real life teenagers became victims of rape cases, involved in addictive vices, and do unlawful actions. The ethos of her writing was showed using real life figures a mother, a sister, a friend, and the seducing old friend. Oates portrayed that everything that happens in our life has direct connection with the people around us. What we do and what they do have vice-versa effects on one another.The give-and-take of her writing was showed by presenting the demonic old friends method of seducing Connie in a logical way. He spoke of anything that Connie desired and feared that led Connie to surrender in the end. The Pathos of her writing was showed by using thrilling situations like the facet where Connie was left alone in the house and then Arnolds friend suddenly came to threat and seduce him. Connie has appeared pitiful and powerless compared to the older strangers actions.

Professional Writing and Composition: Meeting Announcement Essay

An announcement earn can be forwarded to inform a person of the itinerary of the confluence (LetterExpert.co.uk, 2007). It can be transmitted to reveal happenings such as banquets, weddings and so on It can also be written to convey to the community or so the results of a competition, a changes in the institutional regulations, to call a conflict, or to inform the company de discontinuements regarding industrial action. Below is a sample of letter announcing or informing a meetingPreparations were completed for a meeting to be held on 28 November 2007, at 8 oclock in the morning, in Multimedia conference room, Legacy building set at 88 Magalia St. NY. The said gathering has the following objectivesTo discuss the subjective controlment of the declare oneselfTo know the description and characteristics of the new project programmeTo identify the forms and span of researches to be undertaken relative to new design sample development of GE Refrigeration System.To be ready before the nominal launching of the project, this meeting is considerably required. Representatives from public and private organizations and media entities are pass to be present at the actual launching.Within two weeks by and by the assembly, you are required to provide your commentaries and analysis of the objectives of the project, structure of the organization, the timetable for the whole length of the project, the scope and limitation of the research and whether or not a multitude of consultants is needed during the whole project, and also any further commentaries that you may wishing to express. You may also provide any information on the advantages and disadvantages of the projects location.We are warmly sending you invitation to attend and be part of the said gathering. We trust that the early participation of all the groups interested in this project will increase the efficiency and quality of cooperative planning. Individuals who would require backup instruments to proper ly communicate to be able to partake in the talk are encouraged to inform their needs and inclination to the executive Director for this proposed project at 710928719 or TDD phone number 4618691.References limit point Between Professional Engineering Society and State Licensing Board.August 29, 2006. bailiwick Academy of Engineering Retrieved November 26, 2007 from LetterExpert.co.uk (2007) Letter of Announcement. Retrieved November 26, 2007 fromhttp//www.letterexpert.co.uk/LetterOfAnnouncement.htmlProject Sample Letters. (2007). Project evolution Procedure Manual. 6. 368-370

Huckleberry Finn Essay

Fathers are an important aspect of every someones life and have a capital influence their children. In The Adventures of huckleberry Finn, a novel by Mark Twain, huckaback in a way has two begets. While Pap Finn is hucks in truth father, Jim also be go downs a father figure to huck because Jim is Paps foil. He becomes what Pap is unable to be by protecting him and principle him right from wrong. While Pap Finn and Jim some(prenominal) become fathers to huckaback, they influence huck in many different ways. Pap lets huck get apart with bad habits and Huck had even stopped cursing, but now he took to it again because mamilla hadnt no objections (34).When Pap first finds bring out Huck goes to educate, he says, you drop that school you hear? Ill see people to bring up a boy to put on airs over his own father and let on to be bettern what he is (29). Pap thwarts Huck from getting forwards in life, just because he cant read or write himself. Pap also wastes much of his life a nd money on alcohol. When Pap hears that Huck has six thousand dollars, he immediately finds Huck to get it from him. When Pap threatens to beat Huck, he borrowed three dollars from Judge Thatcher, and titmouse took it and got drunk (31).He also teaches Huck things like stealing, and says to take a chicken when you have a chance and that it isnt no combat injury to borrow things, if you was meaning to pay them back, sometime (76). Jim however is very certain and honest. When Huck and Jim separate from each other in the fog, Jim becomes terrified, but when he finds Huck next to him safe he is very happy and grateful. til now when Huck starts to play a trick on him saying he was there the whole time he says trash is what people is digital audiotape puts dirt on de head er dey frens en makes?em ashamed (98). Huck then feels very guilty and apologizes. Jim teaches him right from wrong, and Huck knows now not to hurt peoples feelings. Jim, unlike Pap, determine his family as well. J im is always thinking about his wife and his children? and he was woeful and homesick, which teaches Huck that black people and washcloth people arent very different, and that Jim cared just as much for his people as white folks does for theirn (167). Huck also has a choice of handsome Jim up to his rightful owner or helping him escape slavery.Huck finally decides that hell go to hell if that is what it takes to save Jim. Because of what he has intimate from Jim he disregards what society has taught him and follows his gut to save Jim (227). Because Pap and Jim are so unlike, they teach Huck many different things and have a great impact on him. Pap and Jim comprehend Huck very other than as well. Pap constantly abuses Huck, and beats him for no reason, and by-and-by pap got too handy with his hickry and Huck had welts all over (34). compensate when Pap finds a picture that Huck got for doing well in school he tears it up and says, Ill give you something better-Ill give you a co whide (29). Jim however protects Huck. When Huck and Jim are floating along the river, they come across a house. Hucks father was dead in the house, but Jim finds Pap first and covers him up and tells Huck to come in? but doan look at his face-its too gashly, without telling Huck who the dead man was (60). Jim wanted to protect Huck from seeing his father dead, despite how Pap treated Huck.Jim is also very grateful of Huck. Jim reminds Huck many times that he is de ony white genlman digital audiotape kep his promise, and that Huck is his best and only friend (102). Pap Finn and Jim both affect Huck differently because of the way they treat him. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, by Mark Twain, both Pap and Jim can be seen as Hucks fathers. Because they are so different, they have very different influences on Huck by teaching him different things and by the way they treat him.

Radio Music Essay

Music, I can say, has played an important role to the lives of any human. It has been a source of inspiration and leisure on past times. When you celebrate, harmony never gets lost and when you need to be calmed, music is also relaxing. As the years pass, along with it atomic number 18 the changes in trend. Characteristics of radio music by then are contrasting of the radio music we experience today. some(prenominal) genres of music flourished from fifties to 1960s. The birth of shake up and Roll is also date backside significantly in the 1950s.Right now, there is a interrogative asked whether or not people would still listen to the radio patronage of the latest gadgets for music are on hand. Listening to the radios are exist by the latest technology including iPods and mp3 players. Aside from the radio, music is also presented by music channels in the television where music videos are accompanying the margin call. intercommunicate is the major source of entertainment fo r the Americans having almost every sept own at least one radio. 93% of the Americans owned a radio during that time.It was in the year 1954 that a contestation and vomit up song landed the hit charts. Rock and Roll was a product of several(prenominal) genres including indigenous American jazz, rhythm and blues, swing, and the gospel style. Its root trace back to the black culture of that moment (Faculty). Another music that was played on the radios is called covers (Faculty). Covering Family call down 2 takes place when a person or a group records again a song that was already save by another individual or group. This terms roots dates back in the year 1966 (Online Etymology Dictionary).Songs back then that were originally interpret by black artists were beingness asked to be covered by white-hot artists. There were a lot of advantages that a cover has. First, they can outstrip the original version due to having greater resources and second, the quality of the sound is a great deal better than that of the original version. Rock and Roll had more specific genres which take on Rock-a-Billy, Doo Wop, and the West Coast sound. Rockabilly was a mixture of rhythm and blues and dry land music. The Doo Wop sound traces its origins in the urban North.It has been fondly called and described as 1950s street corner music. Under Doo Wop are the characteristics of utilize nonsense syllables as background rhythm, having emphasis on its harmony, and a different range of voices or parts. Came 1960s and a new kind of rock and roll emerged called California Sound. California is the place where it first started. Rock and rolls decline happened in the later part of 1950s since companies started to push teen idols. The themes of their songs are mostly about love (Faculty).Some of the illustrious and promising artists during this time are the following Dean Martin, Patti Page, Chuck Berry, littler Richard, Eddie Cochran, Carl Perkins, Elvis Presley- Dont Be Cruel, Jailhouse Rock and some others, Arthur Big Boy Crudup, Big Mama Thornton, Hank Williams, Sr. , Buddy Holly and the Crickets, all Brothers- Bye Bye jockey, Roy Orbison, Ricky Nelson, The Marcels- Blue Moon, The Diamonds, Little Eva- Locomotion, The Shirelles- Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow? , Neil Sedaka- Breaking Up is Hard to Do, and Paul Anka with his song Diana (Faculty).Family Name 3 At the present, since whatever the trend in America is being adopted by other countries, there are 17 formats that are now playing and being listened to. Ranking from the first, the following are Country, discussion/ talk/ information, expectant Contemporary, Pop Contemporary Hit Radio, Classic Rock, swingy Contemporary Hit Radio, Urban Contemporary, Urban Adult Contemporary, Oldies, Hot Adult Contemporary, Mexican Regional, Contemporary Christian, All Sports, Alternative, Classic Hits, Classical, and Talk/ Personality (Radio Today).From Rock and Roll, it can be seen from the above informati on that the taste of music listeners have shifted to some(prenominal) other kinds. In my own observation, todays folk are getting more acquainted with music that have refreshful danceable beats but not necessarily with high notes. A lot of the radio stations would play Pop, R&B and Hiphop. The youth is the targeted market of these radio stations.Leading artists of today include Beyonce Knowles, Neyo, Chris Brown, Rihanna, Akon, Taylor Swift and many others who have hit the charts just like those mentioned artists in the year 1950s and 1960s. Works Cited Cover. Online Etymology Dictionary. 5 May 2009. http//www. etymonline. com/index. php? l=c&p=28/ The Rise of Rock n Roll. Faculty. 5 May 2009. http//faculty. smu. edu/dsimon/Change-Music. html/ Radio Today. Arbitron. 5 May 2009. http//www. arbitron. com/downloads/radiotoday07. pdf/

My Salon Observation

I did my beauty parlour observation at Faith Beauty Salon. This is a beauty parlour I visited time subsequently time to have services done to my hair, and never before interpreted an in-depth look at the surroundings. The front of the salon was just average, as the bearing didnt give an inviting feeling. There were pictures of hair styles and products on the exterior, but they were obscure behind grills.My first day of observation was on a verbose day, as the customers were few. I noniced that the salon was untidy, and dirty. The workers sat down and discussed in the flesh(predicate) business rather than taking the opportunity to tidy up the salon (fig. 2). There were drinks bottles on the hair station, and shoes and a bucket on the floor (fig. 2). Tools werent aim away properly, when not in use, e.g. blowdryer on hairstation (see fig. 2). There didnt seem to be proper storage for workers to put their handbags, as they were being unploughed on the hair station (fig. 3).The lave orbital cavity was quite small, and this was also were the garbage was being stored (fig. 4). Used towels were left(p) on the shampoo basin (fig. 4). The microwave for heating lunch is kept right over the garbage bin in the shampoo area (fig. 4). The sail throughs area was kept fairly neat and tidy by the nail technician (fig. 5). This may be due to the fact that this is the only rented station in the salon.There was quite a lot of selling going on in the salon, but nearly all the items being sold were not pertaining to hair grease. E.g. there were large displays of handbags (fig. 6). There was also a showcase with slippers, and toilet & body products for sale (fig. 2). The salon carried only one line of haircare products for retailing, in a very small quantity (fig.7).Overall the salon seem to be lacking in areas of sanitization, proper storage, image (e.g. attractiveness), and professionalism. It felt very much like a boutique, rather than a salon.

Strategy of Mercedes Benz in India

Mercedes-Benz India has evolved a four-pronged schema towards passenger simple machines this category as it transfers its motortruck and bus business on a lower floor Daimler India Commercial Vehicles (DICV). The caller-up had been exchange buses immerse and intra city and Actros mining trucks in the India market, which would flat fall under DICV portfolio. protrude as accomplishment oriented brand by introducing spic-and-span models. Mercedes-Benz plans to prove eight red-hot products this form, frame in school principal network, improve everywhereall ownership exist and figure of speech production at the Chakan plant. Going forward, Chakan lead be for passenger cars and Chennai ordain be for trucks and buses.More gross sales outlets,?with the A-Class quantify in 400 bookings since its introduction in front in May 2013. Starting with the launch of G63, Merc plans to drive in its much-awaited reward hatch confirm A-class in diesel motor and gas pedal va riants by end-2013. Other launches atomic identification number 18 the spic-and-span GL in May 2014 and the B-class diesel variant around the analogous time. Mercedes-Benz is doubling its production capacity from 10,000 units to 20,000 at Chakan by end of year 2013 to make space for the unseasoned models. Moreover, the play along is looking at jelling in a big direction to improve ownership cost to the customers.Mercedes-Benz assembles models give care S-class, E-class, C-class and M-class at its plant with location ranging from 10% to 60% over various menti geniusd models. Pushes for pre-owned cars. According to an estimate, the domestic utilize car market is 1. 3 times the new car market. The pre-owned segment is mostly unstructured in India and with new financing options, customers could upgrade to newer models at tranquilize by returning used cars. Try to shred the old-man image associated with the brand. Bank upon the modular drive computer architecture platform to woo buyers. Marketing dodge Audi IndiaPositioning in prodigality non as broad, but micro segment of luxury doorway which go away be having nobleest growth among all segment. All standard products, as Indian Market leave behind be matching with the Global standards. statistical distribution of special zones with high and affluent people. Branding for Inspirational and aspirational attributes. Meeting high exigency of working capital through sustained market distribute and emolument bundling. Marketing Strategy BMW India India is one of the major growth markets for BMW and they ar overconfident of main(prenominal)taining their leaders in the premium segment through launches, dealerships elaboration and customer delight. training to assemble more products in the country at our Chennai pulverisation to development volume growth. Plan to expand our completely-knocked down range in India. By April, the 7 serial publication will be assembled in Chennai, which will be foll owed by the 1 series by the end of 2013. With this, the company will contain six products (1 series, 3 series, 5 series, 7 series, X1 and X3) assembled in India. Market epitome of BMW, AUDI & Mercedes In the Indian car market, the select for new vehicles has been sluggish since the beginning of 2013. However, this is not the case for luxury car makers like Audi, BMW and Mercedes-Benz.Riding on the rearwards of new model launches, the German triplet has make significant inroads in 2013. Mercedes-Benz, in take time officular, stepped up the ante as it introduced some(prenominal) new models and their nip and tuck versions. The company had a revival of sorts in India as not solely the demand for vehicles surged but the overall market get by also bloom considerably. According to estimates of Mercedes-Benz, the Indian car market is dismission to outpace the demand of other emerging regions like China, Brazil and Russia. http//articles. economictimes. indiatimes. com/2013-10-05 / news/42745251_1_audi-q3-bmw-india-luxury-car-market http//www.autocarindia. com/auto-news/audi-races-past-bmw-to-number-one-spot-341884. aspxLed by the new generation compact cars A Class and B Class, Mercedes Benz India has bridging the sales hurly burly with a rapid pace. Mercedes Benz India was ahead of Audi by selling 151 units more. Mercedes Benz India sold 2,696 units in July to kinsfolk of 2013 as against 2,545 units sold by Audi in the like period. Mercedes Benz origin overtook its Munich based luxury car rival BMW in the first pass of 2013 to regain the number two position and now Audi in the tail assembly 3, but for the full year, it is so far number two.Audi is still pretty on the number one position for the calendar year starting January to September 2013, with sales of 7,391 units. Mercedes Benz India trails by a significant 930 units, registering sales of 6,461 units in the same period. Announcing the Q3 proves, Eberhard Kern, MD & CEO, Mercedes-Benz India sa id Our year of offensive scheme yielded satisfactory result as we continue to improve our strong achievement with each quarter, amidst one of the toughest market situations faced by the industry.We are confident of maintaining this positive pulsation for the remaining quarter and achieve our targeted growth for 2013. The main catalysts for Mercedes-Benz have been A-Class and B-Class models, which have further helped to increase the market share. Audi on its part with the locally produced Q3 and expanding dealer network is confident of holding on to its number 1 position for 2013 and aims at being the first luxury car maker in India to sell more than 10,000 units in India.After growing by 25-30 per centime since 2007 till 2011-12, the luxury car market too is face the agitate of the slowdown. Barring the innovationway level cars like Mercedes Benz A Class, B Class, BMW 1 Series and some SUVs like Audi Q3 and Q5, which brought incremental volumes in 2013, the handed-down me asure segment of Mercedes Benz C Class, E Class, S Class, BMW 3,5 or 7 series and even Audi A4, A6 and A8 have remained sluggish.During 2013, Mercedes-Benz introduced eight new models in which the sales of performance oriented brand, AMG picked up by a fair bit. The German manufacturer is trying hard to shred the old-man image associated with the brand. It is banking upon the Modular effort Architecture platform to woo buyers as it has already helped the company to get along at par with its rivals like Audi and BMW. effort players, say the market is probable to bet 10-15 per cent growth in 2013 only on the back of these entry level models and SUVs.In 2014, Mercedes-Benz aim to expand in double-digits faster than the market. diligence experts have already predicted that Mercedes-Benz would come hard at Audi in 2014 banking upon of new model launches that include next generation S-Class. Mercedes-Benz is famed for producing high-end vehicles in the country. As a result of this, customers and luxury car aficionados have shown affinityStrategy of Mercedes Benz in IndiaMercedes-Benz India has evolved a four-pronged strategy towards passenger cars this year as it transfers its truck and bus business under Daimler India Commercial Vehicles (DICV). The company had been selling buses inter and intra city and Actros mining trucks in the India market, which would now fall under DICV portfolio. Project as performance oriented brand by introducing new models. Mercedes-Benz plans to launch eight new products this year, invest in dealer network, improve overall ownership cost and double production at the Chakan plant. Going forward, Chakan will be for passenger cars and Chennai will be for trucks and buses. More sales outlets,with the A-Class clocking in 400 bookings since its launch earlier in May 2013.Starting with the launch of G63, Merc plans to drive in its much-awaited premium hatchback A-class in diesel and petrol variants by end-2013. Other launches are the new GL in May 2014 and the B-class diesel variant around the same time. Mercedes-Benz is doubling its production capacity from 10,000 units to 20,000 at Chakan by end of year 2013 to make space for the new models. Moreover, the company is looking at localisation in a big way to improve ownership cost to the customers.Mercedes-Benz assembles models like S-class, E-class, C-class and M-class at its plant with localisation ranging from 10% to 60% over various mentioned models. Pushes for pre-owned cars. According to an estimate, the domestic used car market is 1.3 times the new car market. The pre-owned segment is largely unstructured in India and with new financing options, customers could upgrade to newer models at ease by returning used cars. Try to shred the old-man image associated with the brand.Bank upon the Modular Front Architecture platform to woo buyers.Marketing Strategy Audi IndiaPositioning in luxuriousness not as broad, but micro segment of luxury entry which will be ha ving highest growth among all segment. All standard products, as Indian Market will be matching with the Global standards. dispersal of special zones with high and affluent people. Branding for Inspirational and aspirational attributes.Meeting high requirement of working capital through sustained market share and service bundling.Marketing Strategy BMW IndiaIndia is one of the major growth markets for BMW and they are confident of maintaining their leadership in the premium segment through launches, dealerships expansion and customer delight. Planning to assemble more products in the country at our Chennai factory to increase volume growth. Plan to expand our completely-knocked down range in India. By April, the 7 series will be assembled in Chennai, which will be followed by the 1 series by the end of 2013. With this, the company will have six products (1 series, 3 series, 5 series, 7 series, X1 and X3) assembled in India.Market Analysis of BMW, AUDI & MercedesIn the Indian car ma rket, the demand for new vehicles has been sluggish since the beginning of 2013. However, this is not the case for luxury car manufacturers like Audi, BMW and Mercedes-Benz. Riding on the back of new model launches, the German triplet has made significant inroads in 2013. Mercedes-Benz, in particular, stepped up the ante as it introduced several new models and their facelift versions. The company had a revival of sorts in India as not only the demand for vehicles surged but the overall market share also rose considerably. According to estimates of Mercedes-Benz, the Indian car market is going to outpace the demand of other emerging regions like China, Brazil and Russia.http//articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-10-05/news/42745251_1_audi-q3-bmw-india-luxury-car-market http//www.autocarindia.com/auto-news/audi-races-past-bmw-to-number-one-spot-341884.aspxLed by the new generation compact cars A Class and B Class, Mercedes Benz India has bridging the sales gap with a rapid pace. Mercedes Benz India was ahead of Audi by selling 151 units more. Mercedes Benz India sold 2,696 units in July to September of 2013 as against 2,545 units sold by Audi inthe same period. Mercedes Benz first overtook its Munich based luxury car rival BMW in the first quarter of 2013 to regain the number two position and now Audi in the quarter 3, but for the full year, it is still number two. Audi is still pretty on the number one position for the calendar year starting January to September 2013, with sales of 7,391 units.Mercedes Benz India trails by a significant 930 units, registering sales of 6,461 units in the same period. Announcing the Q3 results, Eberhard Kern, MD & CEO, Mercedes-Benz India said Our year of offensive strategy yielded satisfactory result as we continue to improve our strong performance with each quarter, amidst one of the toughest market situations faced by the industry. We are confident of maintaining this positive momentum for the remaining quarter and achie ve our targeted growth for 2013. The main catalysts for Mercedes-Benz have been A-Class and B-Class models, which have further helped to increase the market share.Audi on its part with the locally produced Q3 and expanding dealer network is confident of holding on to its number 1 position for 2013 and aims at being the first luxury car maker in India to sell more than 10,000 units in India. After growing by 25-30 per cent since 2007 till 2011-12, the luxury car market too is facing the heat of the slowdown. Barring the entry level cars like Mercedes Benz A Class, B Class, BMW 1 Series and some SUVs like Audi Q3 and Q5, which brought incremental volumes in 2013, the traditional saloon segment of Mercedes Benz C Class, E Class, S Class, BMW 3,5 or 7 series and even Audi A4, A6 and A8 have remained sluggish. During 2013, Mercedes-Benz introduced eight new models in which the sales of performance oriented brand, AMG picked up by a fair bit.The German manufacturer is trying hard to shred the old-man image associated with the brand. It is banking upon the Modular Front Architecture platform to woo buyers as it has already helped the company to come at par with its rivals like Audi and BMW. Industry players, say the market is likely to post 10-15 per cent growth in 2013 only on the back of these entry level models and SUVs. In 2014, Mercedes-Benz aim to expand in double-digits faster than the market. Industry experts have already predicted that Mercedes-Benz would come hard at Audi in 2014 banking upon of new model launches that include next generation S-Class. Mercedes-Benz is famed for producing high-end vehicles in the country. As a result of this, customers and luxury car aficionados have shown affinity.

Disease in Bram Stoker’s Dracula

As science continues to illuminate the nefariousnessened corners of our world, some other romanceic talethe drinking of beginning by the ubiquitous genus genus Draculamay have a basis in fact match to Wayne Tikkanen, a professor of chemistry at California State University, Los Angeles. I am a trained scientist. I dont believe in vampires and werewolves, Tikkanen told Anthony Breznican for an AP justify on H each(prenominal)oween, 1998.Tikkanen speculates that some European monster myths were the product of a personal line of credit disease known as porphyria that causes the come up to weaken and be negatively affected by ultraviolet rays that change heme, a component of filiation that carries oxygen to the brain, into a toxin. As the disease progresses, the skin blackens and ruptures in the sun, followed by hair growing in the scars. Lips are radiateed, cau wickednessg them to peel back, thereof making the teeth more prominent.In some cases the nose erodes and the fingers disintegrate, making the give resemble paws. The disease affects one in 100,000 peck and is treatable with medication. Tikkanen thinks it is possible that those untune with the disease centuries ago may have drunk animal inventory to relieve their pain as a folk remedy, and that they would have pet to go bulge at night in order to negate the sun, and that perhaps this behavior was co-opted into myths.You may do this in all the time, only people will only see you when the night is at its brightestor in other words, a full moon, Tikkanen said. Unfortunately, the result of such myth-making was that as numerous as 600 victims of this disease were considered to be monsters by the 16th-century European judge H. Bouget, who after had them burned at the stake. Just think youre horribly disfigured but youre perfectly lucid, Tikkanen said. You dont know whats happening to you, and the doctor doesnt want to treat you in time if he knew how.Your priest wants you to confess your sins or the judge will burn you at the stake. But you dont know what youve done wrong. Other elements of the Dracula myth oftentimes include garlic, which Tikkanen says causes victims of porphyria to suffer violent complaint because of the creation of toxins in their bloodline. Fear of the crossover also turn overs sense in this theory, because the cross represents the church service and thus the Inquisition, which would have instituted the torture and murder of the sufferers of porphyria.In the same vein, the superstitious Romanian society projected its fear of disease and deviancy onto Dracula, thus rising the well-liked folklore hypothesis that a man or woman who has led a predominantly wicked existence will almost certainly become a vampire it is his curse for the wicked deeds committed during the usual confines of his life, as well as an entrance that a influential sin can not easily be put to rest (Douglas, 39). This resembles the judgement propagated by the religious r ight that acquired immune deficiency syndrome is a visitation of ethereal punishment for sexual deviancy, i. e. , homosexuality.David Prindle in his book Risky Business of all the diseases, the ones that are sexually transmitted seem to carry the heaviest burden of emblematic weight. Such diseases seem to bring our peoples anxieties ab come on spiritual and physical pollution, their pinch of beingness exposed as hypocritical sinners, their yearning to condemn those slight righteous than themselves (Prindle, 73). In Coppolas Dracula, Lucy, who is teasing, inquisitive, and immoral is punished for her evil behavior, her sexuality, by being seduced into the warren of Dracula and thus flattering a vampire herself.Once a vampire, Lucy takes a young child as her injured party, intimidating the spotless child much in the same way that infants with AIDS often are fatalities of their mothers performance. Susan Sontag notes that these metaphors are hardly in contradiction. Such is the ex traordinary military capability and efficacy of the plague metaphor it allows a disease to be regarded both as something incurred by susceptible others and as potentially everyones disease (Sontag, 152). Bela Lugosi prototypic gave Dracula filmic complexity in the 1931 Dracula. His moves were smooth and contemporary, steeped in gender and glamour.His overflowing inflection gave the count the religion that awoke the sexuality of female audience members. Christopher lee (1958) followed in Lugosis steps and moved Dracula from sexual innuendoes to blatant sexuality. At one point in The Horror of Dracula, he bites a up last womans throat-not simply feasting, but apparently experiencing orgasm. Dracula had thus developed into a seduction fantasy, vitally disturbed with the circumstances and penalty of premarital or extramarital luxury in forbidden corporal relations, in this position with the opposite sex.Gary Oldman takes Lees erotic Dracula one step hither in Coppolas Brain Stoke rs Dracula. When Oldman proves to nibble the neck of the inoffensive myna at the Nickelodeon, the camera comes in on a taut attempt of his face as his eyes change color, his fangs are exposed and his clay tremors with expectation. The transformation of Dracula to his present- day classification makes him the most sexual of all the creatures of the night.Draculas sexual insinuation and blatant hunger for human blood make him the wonderful mythic vehicle to express American societys fear of the modern day plague of AIDS, since the human immunodeficiency virus virus is transmitted through blood and semen. Coppolas Dracula visits his victims in the dead of night or in a dark milieu. He takes Lucy from her bed to connect her with both intercourse and feeding. These visits from the attractive creature who first exhausts the sleeper with fervent embraces and so withdraws her blood symbolically parallels the night-time emissions that convoy erotic dreams.Frank Jones points out in his bo ok On the incubus of Bloodsucking In the unconscious mind blood is commonly an equivalent for semen (Gottsman, 59). However, the sentence for these sexual interludes with the leech is the permanent alteration into vampirism an illness that separates the afflicted from the rest of the society, one that insists on sucking the life out of other people. In this admiration the vampire enters the victims blood stream, as does the HIV virus, to eventually exhaust the host of his/her life.Coppola cinematically reflects this correlation end-to-end the course of the film. Initially, Dracula renounces the church, and in doing so plunges his sword into the cross at the alter. Blood then flows from the cross, and Coppola cuts from a stone angel icon releasing tears of blood to a shot of Dracula satisfying a cup and consumption the blood. In this pre- recognition succession, the back illumination creates a striking analogy between Christ and Dracula (the shoulder length hair, smooth skin an d ethereal glow).On his return home from war, Dracula learns of the death of his wife. His stabbing of the cross is a phallic metaphor for intercourse with a virgin, whose loss of virginity is often marked by a loss of blood. The cathedral, infected and raped by war, denies the interment of Draculas suicided bride. Dracula renounces the church by drinking the blood out of the chalice, declaring that Blood is the life and the life is mine. Here he metaphorically takes on the position of the bug, gratifying the judge of life and death.David Prindle reinforces the vampire as a metaphor for the virus As a deadly threat, the disease was do to order for melodrama as a potential sexual assassin, the HIV bearer could easily be portrayed as a demon. (76). Coppola establishes a going away from pureness to evil by using peacock feathers, representative of innocence and vanity, as a transition between the enlightened world and the dark road to Transylvania as the young Jonathan Harker is s ent to Transylvania to work for Dracula.Both virtue and superbia are lost when Jonathan encounters a group of female vampires who seduce him throughout his first night in the castle. Coppola reinforces the anonymity of the participants by showing bodiless footsteps appearing by the bed while the women appear from within his sheets and start to embrace and murmur to Jonathan. He does not resist and follows through in what could be termed a one night stand. The camera shows a query shot of one of the vamps whose hair is made out of snakes, referring to Medusa or the serpent From Genesis that caused the eviction of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden.References Babuscio, Jack. campsite and the Gay Sensibility. Gays and Film. Ed. Richard Dyer. sore York Zoetrope, Inc. , 1984. Broeske, Pat. Hollywood Goes Batty for Vampires, New York Times, April 26, 1993. Canby, Vincent, Coppolas Dizzying Vision on Dracula, New York Times, Nov 13, 1993. Douglas, Drake. Horrors The awful truth abo ut monsters vampires, werewolves, zombies, phantoms. mummies and ghouls of literature and how tiny went Hollywood. New York The Overlook Press, 1989.Gottesman, Ronald. Focus on the Horror Film. Trenton, New Jersey learner Hall, 1972. Hogan, David. Dark Romance-Sexuality in the Horror Film. Chapel Hill, North Carolina McFarland & Company, Inc. , 1986. Prindle. David. Risky Business. the semipolitical Economy of HollywoodBoulder Westview Press, 1993. Russo, Vito. The celluloid Closet Homosexuality in the Movies. New York harpist arid Row Publishers, 1990. Sontag, Susan. Illness as a Metaphor/AIDS and its Metaphors. New York Doubleday, 1989.